NOTICE

I have found that this Blog has not attracted enough enthusiasts as expected. So due to lack of participation i m force…

basic arithmetic

What are the representations for, zero in 2's compliment the most positive integer that can be represented using…

Testing

You get the final chip back from the FAB. Now you do the smoke test(power up). Hopefully assuming that things are well …

Significance of contamination delay in sequential circuit timing

Q: What is the significance of contamination delay in sequential circuit timing? Fact: 70-80% of designers who deal …

FSM based Interview Question

Calculate the size of the ROM if the sequential element is 'n' bits wide. What is the number o…

Approaches that can ease multi-clock designs

Problem 1: Metastability Solution: Use appropriate synchronizers. (please read my earlier articles to understand the …

Key points in Logic Design Timing

In a synchronous design, all memory elements, flip-flops and latches, are synchronized be a master clock. A timing di…

FSM Questions

Design an FSM that has 1 i/p and 1 o/p. The o/p becomes 1 and remains 1 when at least two 0's and two 1's have …

Verilog Question

A 3:1 mux has three data inputs D0, D1 and D2, two select inputs S0 and S1 and one data output Y. The value of output…

sequential circuits

In order for the circuit shown above to operate correctly what constraints on tH and tS are necessary? Express…

sequential circuit

Assuming that the clock period is 25ns, what is the maximum setup time for the registers for which this …

sequential circuit

What is the smallest value for the ROM's contamination delay that ensures the necessary timing spec…

sequential circuit

What is the smallest clock period for which the circuit still operates correctly? By removing the pair of i…

sequential circuit

Calculate timing parameters for the system as a whole taking into account d1 and d2. Don't make any assumption abou…

sequential circuit

Calculate the timing parameters (tS, tH, tCD, tPD, tCLK) for this system as a whole.

TCP Q&A

What is TCP? Transmission Control Protocol ( TCP ) provides a reliable byte-stream transfer service between two endpoin…

IP Fragmentation Q&A

What is meant by IP fragmentation? The breaking up of a single IP datagram into two or more IP datagrams of smaller siz…

IP Addressing Q&A

RARP Q&A

What is RARP? Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) is a network protocol used to resolve a data link layer addres…

ARP Q&A

What is ARP? Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a network protocol, which maps a network layer protocol address to a …